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MADRASA AL-HIDAYA |
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MUSLIM SCHOOL OF RIGHT GUIDANCE |
SAYYIDINA ALI AL-MURTADA
Rady Allahu Anhu (may Allah be pleased with him)
- Sayyidina Ali ibn Abi Talib (Rady Allahu Anhu) was the first cousin of the Holy Prophet Sayyidina Muhammad (Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam). He is among the Ahl al-Bayt (the Family of the Prophet, Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam).
- He was 30 years younger than the Holy Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam).
- He was the son of Abu Talib, the Prophet’s paternal uncle.
- His birth was very special. He is the only person to have been born inside the Ka‘ba. When he first opened his eyes they fell on the Holy Prophet Sayyidina Muhammad (Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam).
- The Prophet himself (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam) suggested the name Ali for him.
- He was raised up in the home of the Holy Prophet Sayyidina Muhammad (Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam) who educated and trained him, and cared for him.
- He was the first child to accept Islam. He accepted Islam at the age of eleven.
- When the Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam) first asked his own near of kin who would help him in his cause, he was the only one who openly replied that he would.
- Sayyidatina Khadija (Rady Allahu Anha) and Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu) were the first two persons to pray behind the Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam) after he had proclaimed Islam.
- The Holy Prophet (Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam) said, “I am the city of knowledge and Ali is its gate”. So one of his titles is “Bab ul-ilm” (the Gate of Knowledge).
- Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu) was a kind and generous man. He was always willing to help.
- When the non-believers of Makkah wanted to kill the Holy Prophet Sayyidina Muhammad (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam), he escaped with Sayyidina Abu Bakr (Rady Allahu Anhu) to Madina. He asked Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu) to sleep in his bed that night. When they came to attack the Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam), the non-believers found Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu) instead.
- When he was asked whether he was scared of being killed by the non-believers that night as he slept in the bed of the Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam), he said he was not worried at all, as the Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam) had told him he would meet him in Madina. This was the level of his unshakeable faith in the Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam).
- Although the non-believers of Makkah did not believe in Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w) as a Prophet, yet they considered him to be the most trustworthy person and used to keep their belongings for safe-keeping with him. He told Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu) to return their belongings back to them before he migrated to Madina, which he did.
- When they migrated to Madina, the Holy Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam) paired a Muhajir (Migrant) from Makkah with an Ansari (Helper) from Madina in Muslim Brotherhood. He paired himself with Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu).
- When they went for Hajj, the Holy Prophet (Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam) sacrificed 63 camels and Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu) sacrificed 37 camels. This was a joint sacrifice of 100 camels. MaashaaAllah!
- Allah (Subhanahu wa Ta‘ala) commanded the Holy Prophet Sayyidina Muhammad (Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam) to give his daughter Sayyidatina Fatima (Rady Allahu Anha) in marriage to Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu). They had three sons: Imam Hasan (Rady Allahu Anhu), Imam Husain (Rady Allahu Anhu) and Muhsin who passed away in his infancy. They had two daughters: Sayyidah Zainab (Rady Allahu Anha) and Sayyidah Umm Kulthum (Rady Allahu Anha).
- The descendants of the Holy Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam) are through Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu) and Sayyidatina Fatima (Rady Allahu Anha). Most sufi masters trace their descent to them.
- One day, Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu) and Sayyidatina Fatima (Rady Allahu Anha) had an argument and Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu) left home angry. The Holy Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam) went in search of him to persuade him. He found him sleeping on sand somewhere else. He joked with him by calling him “abu turab” which means “the father of sand”.
- Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu) gave his daughter Umm Kulthum (Rady Allahu Anha) in marriage to Sayyidina Umar (Rady Allahu Anhu).
- Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu) was a very brave and courageous soldier.
- He fought in many battles against the non-believers. In the Battle of Uhud, he fought very bravely and received many wounds. Then the Holy Prophet (Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam) gave him the title “Asadullah” which means “the Lion of Allah”.
- He would always fight in man to man combats first.
- In the Battle of Badr, he killed Al-Walid in man to man combat.
- In the Batle of Khaybar, he fought in man to man combat and killed Marhab, the best Jewish soldier.
- Before the Battle of Khaybar, the Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam) said that he would give the flag of battle to someone who loves Allah (Subhanahu wa Ta‘ala) and His Prophet the most, and Allah (Subhanahu wa Ta‘ala) and His Prophet love him. The next day he gave the flag to Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu) although he had sore eyes at that time.
- Once in a battle, Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu) felled his opponent and he sat on top of him and wanted to kill him. At that moment, his opponent spit at him. Then, Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu) left him alone. His opponent asked him why he did not kill him. He explained that if he had killed him, it would have been out of anger because he had insulted him whereas he was only fighting to establish the truth of Islam.
- When the Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam) went to the Battle of Tabuk, he appointed Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu) as his deputy in Madina. Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu) asked him whether he wanted to leave him with the women and the children. He replied that he was to him as Nabi Harun (Alayhissalam) was to Nabi Musa (Alayhissalam) but there would be no Prophet after him.
- The Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam) said that the one to whom he was a patron, Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu) was his patron too.
- Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu) was very sad at the passing away of the Holy Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam), and at the passing away of Sayyidatina Fatima (Rady Allahu Anha) six months later.
- He and Hadrat Abbas (Rady Allahu Anhu) gave ghusl to the Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam) when he passed away.
- When Sayyidina Abu Bakr (Rady Allahu Anhu) became Khalifa, he used to consult Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu).
- When Sayyidina Umar (Rady Allahu Anhu) became Khalifa, he appointed Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu) as Chief Justice. He was a just and fair judge. Sayyidina Umar (Rady Allahu Anhu) always found his advice very valuable.
- Sayyidina Ali (Rady Allahu Anhu) was persuaded by the Muslims to become Khalifa after Sayyidina Uthman (Rady Allahu Anhu), the third Khalifa was martyred.
- He was the fourth Khalifa for four years.
- He was a Hafiz al-Qur’an.
- One of his titles is al-Murtada which means “he with whom Allah is pleased”.
- He was the second most eloquent man after the Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam).
- He did not care for the comforts of this world but was contented with little.
- Once he was informed that the bayt al-mal (public treasury) was full. He went and distributed everything to the people from the bayt al-mal until nothing remained.
- He became a Khalifa when there was a state of disorder among the Muslims caused by the murder of Sayyidina Uthman (Rady Allahu Anhu). As he tried to settle these problems, many people rose against him. The problems continued and ultimately led to his death. He was stabbed by an enemy with a poisonous sword while he was going to the masjid to pray.
- He became a Shahid (martyr) just as the Holy Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam) had prophesied.
- He passed away on the 21st of Ramadan, 40 A.H.
- His last resting place is in Najaf, Iraq.