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MADRASA AL-HIDAYA |
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MUSLIM SCHOOL OF RIGHT GUIDANCE |
SAYYIDINA UMAR AL-FARUQ
Rady Allahu Anhu (may Allah be pleased with him)
- Sayyidina Umar ibn al-Khattab (Rady Allahu Anhu) was the second Khalifa of the Holy Prophet Sayyidina Muhammad (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam) for ten years.
- He was 14 years younger than the Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam).
- He was the 40th person to accept Islam.
- The day before he became a Muslim, the Prophet (Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam) made dua that may Umar ibn al-Khattab or Abu Jahl become Muslim.
- He became a Muslim after hearing Surah Taha, a chapter of the Holy Qur’an.
- Before he became a Muslim, he was an enemy of the Holy Prophet Sayyidina Muhammad (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam). One day, he decided to kill him. On his way, he met someone who asked him where he was going. He replied that he was going to kill the Prophet (Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam). The man asked him why he did not deal with his sister first since she had become a Muslim. So, he went to his sister’s house. His sister’s husband was reciting Surah Taha from the Qur’an. He said that he wanted to recite it. They told him that he had to do wudu before reciting the Qur’an. Surah Taha was recited before him and the effect of the Surah changed him into a Muslim. Then he went to the Holy Prophet Sayyidina Muhammad (Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam) and told him that he wanted to become a Muslim. Those present were overjoyed and there was a loud cry of ‘Allahu Akbar’ (Allah is Supremely Great). Then, Sayyidina Umar (Rady Allahu Anhu) recited the Kalima and became a Muslim.
- He did not fear anyone and after he accepted Islam, the Muslims started praying openly.
- When he did the Hijra, (migration from Makkah to Madina), none of the non-believers followed to kill him as they feared him.
- Once, some ladies were asking questions to the Holy Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam) in a loud voice. When Sayyidina Umar entered, they all became quiet. So he asked them why they fell silent. They said that there were scared of him because he was strict. He told them that they should be more respectful of the Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam) than anyone else.
- Prophet Muhammad (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam) said that even shaytaan (the devil) was scared of Sayyidina Umar (Rady Allahu Anhu) and took another route if he saw him approaching.
- He gave his daughter Sayyidatina Hafsa (Rady Allahu Anha) in marriage to the Holy Prophet Sayyidina Muhammad (Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam) to strengthen their relationship.
- His title is al-Faruq which means “one who distinguishes truth from falsehood”.
- Some verses of the Holy Qur’an were revealed which upheld his suggestions. For example, he suggested that wine should be prohibited and later, a verse was revealed prohibiting wine.
- Once he gave half of his property for the cause of Islam.
- Once he said to the Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam) that he loved him more than anything else except himself. The Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam) told him that he would not have complete faith until he loved him more than himself. Then, he said that he loved him more than himself. Then the Holy Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam) said that now he had complete faith.
- He went with the Holy Prophet (Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam) to the Battle of Badr and many other battles against the non-believers.
- One day, the Holy Prophet Sayyidina Muhammad (Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam), Sayyidina Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, Sayyidina Umar al-Faruq and Sayyidina Uthman Dhun-Nurain (Rady Allahu Anhum) were on Mount Uhud. The mountain started to shake. Prophet Muhammad (Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) said, “Stop shaking Uhud. There is a Nabi, a Siddiq and two Shahids (martyrs) on you.” Then the mountain stopped shaking.
- Now we come to his achievements as Khalifa.
- Before he passed away, Sayyidina Abu Bakr (Rady Allahu Anhu) appointed him as Khalifa and the Muslims accepted his decision.
- Islam spread far and wide to many countries when he was Khalifa.
- Back then and till now, the Muslims controlled Masjid Aqsa. The person in charge of the Masjid said that he would give the keys to the Masjid only to Sayyidina Umar (Rady Allahu Anhu). So he travelled to Bayt al-Maqdis and took its keys.
- Once while he was giving the Friday Khutba in Madina, he cried out: “O Sariya, the mountain”. The commander of the Muslim army who was in Syria heard him and went to the mountain to attack the enemy and defeated it. In this way, Sayyidina Umar (Rady Allahu Anhu) guided the Muslim army while giving the Friday Khutba. This is one of his miracles.
- He was a great administrator who maintained strict discipline.
- He was a jurist who gave legal judgements.
- He was known for his justice. He is praised in the Friday khutba as someone who established justice and made sure that it prevailed.
- He lived a very simple life like the Prophet (Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam). He was contented with little and did not seek the comforts of this world.
- When his clothes got worn out, he used to patch them up instead of buying new ones.
- At night, he used to go around Madina to make sure no one went to sleep hungry.
- He increased the size of Masjid Nabawi in Madina.
- He made the masajid bright with lamps.
- He introduced Jama‘ah for 20 raka‘at Tarawih Prayers in the month of Ramadan and said that it was a good innovation.
- It has been said that if he was Khalifa for 10 more years, Islam would have spread all over the world.
- The Holy Prophet Sayyidina Muhammad (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam) said that if there was going to be a Prophet after him, it would have been Sayyidina Umar (Rady Allahu Anhu). But there was not going to be a Prophet after him as he was the Final Prophet (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam).
- When Sayyidina Umar (Rady Allahu Anhu) was on his deathbed, he sent a message to Sayyidatina Aisha (Rady Allahu Anha) asking her if he could be buried beside the Holy Prophet Sayyidina Muhammad (Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam). She said that she had already decided to be buried beside him but she would not refuse Sayyidina Umar (Rady Allahu Anhu).
- He was buried on 1st Muharram.
- When we go to Masjid Nabawi in Madina, we say Salams (salutations) to the Holy Prophet Sayyidina Muhammad (Sallallahu alayhi wa Sallam), Sayyidina Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (Rady Allahu Anhu), and Sayyidina Umar al-Faruq (Rady Allahu Anhu).